References:
Campling, R.C., M. Freer, and C.C. Balch. 1961. Factors affecting
the voluntary intake of food by cows. 2. The relationship between
the voluntary intake of roughages, the amount of digesta in the reticulo-rumen
and the rate of disappearance of digesta from the alimentary tract.
Brit. J. Nutr. 15:531.
desBordes, C.K. 1981. Influence of specific gravity on rumination
and passage of indigestible particles through the gastrointestinal
tract. Ph.D. Diss., Univ. Vermont, Burlington.
Erdman, R. 1988. Dietary buffering requirements of the lactating
dairy cow: A review. J. Dairy Sci. 71:3246
Garrett, E.F., M.N. Pereira, K.V. Nordlund, L.E. Armentano, W.J.
Goodger and G.R. Oetzel. 1999. Diagnostic methods for the detection
of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1170.
Grant, R.J., V.F. Colenbrander and D.R. Mertens. 1990. Milk fat
depression in dairy cows: role of particle size of alfalfa hay.
J. Dairy Sci. 73:1823.
Grant, R.J., V.F. Colenbrander and D.R. Mertens. 1990. Milk fat
depression in dairy cows: role of silage particle size. J. Dairy.
Sci. 73:1834.
Heinrichs, J. Evaluating particle size of forages and TMRs using
the Penn State Particle Size Separator. Penn State DAS 96-20. University
Park, PA.
Heinrichs, A.J. and B.P. Lammers. 1997. Particle Size Recommendations
for Dairy Cattle. Proceedings of NRAES-99: Silage Field to Feedbunk.
p. 268
Hooper, A.P. and J.G. Welch. 1985. Effects of particle size and
forage composition on functional specific gravity. J. Dairy Sci.
68:1181.
Martz, F.A. and R.L. Belyea. 1986. Role of particle size and forage
quality in digestion and passage by cattle and sheep. J. Dairy Sci.
69: 1996.
Mertens, D.R. 1997. Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements
of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:1463.
National Research Council. 1989. Nutritional requirements of dairy
cattle. 6th ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington D.C.
O’Dell, G.D., W.A. King and W.C. Cook. 1968. Effect of grinding,
pelleting and frequency of feeding of forage on fat percentage of
milk and milk production in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 51:50.
Petit, H.V. and P.M. Flipot. 1990. Intake, duodenal flow and ruminal
characteristics of long or short chopped alfalfa-timothy silage
with or without inoculant. J. Dairy Sci. 73:3165.
Santini, F.J., A.R. Hardie, N.A. Jorgensen and M.F. Finner. 1983.
Proposed use of adjusted intake based on forage particle length
for calculation fo roughage indexes. J. Dairy Sci. 66:811.
Shaver, R.D., A.J. Nytes, L.D. Satter and N.A. Jorgensen. 1986.
Influence of amount of feed intake and forage physical form on digestion
and passage of prebloom alfalfa hay in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci.
69:1545.
Sniffen, C.J., K. Danahey, N. Andrew and W. Emerich. 1998. Feeding
behavior of dairy cows. Does it affect animal performance? Proceedings
of Dairy Day at Miner Institute.
Sudweeks, E.M., L.O. Ely, D.R. Mertens and L.R. Siske. 1981. Assessing
minimum amounts and form of roughages in ruminant diets: roughage
value index system. J. Anim. Sci. 53(5): 1406.
Van Soest, P.J. 1982. Nutritional Ecology of the ruminant. Comstock,
Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca. 3rd printing 1987.
Waldo, D.R., L.W. Smith and E.L. Cox. 1972. Model of cellulose
disappearance from the rumen. J. Dairy Sci. 55:125.
Weiss, W. 2000. Particle size of forage when feeding processed
whole plant corn silage. Proc. Tri-State Dairy Nutr. Conf. Fort
Wayne, IN.
Welch, J.G. 1982. Rumination, particle size and passage from the
rumen. J. Dairy Sci. 54(4): 885.
Welch, J.G. and A.M. Smith. 1970. Forage quality and rumination
time in cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 53:797.
Welch, J.G. and A.M. Smith. 1975. Milk fat depression and rumination
stimulation. J. Dairy Sci. 53:678.
Welch, J.G. and A.M. Smith. 1978. Particle sizes passed from the
rumen. J. Anim. Sci. 46:309.
Woodford, J.A., N.A. Jorgensen and G.P. Barrington. 1986. Impact
of dietary fiber and physical form on performance of lactating dairy
cows. J. Dairy. Sci. 69: 1035.
Duane N. Rice, Rick Grant, University of Nebraska-lincoln October,
1993, Dairy cow health and metabolic disease relative to nutritional.
Beauchemin KA, Effects of dietary neutral detergent fiber concentration
and alfalfa hay quality on chewing, rumen function, and milk production
of dairy cows.
Livestock Sciences Section, Agriculture Canada Research Station,
Lethbridge, AB, Canada. J Dairy Sci 1991 Sep;74(9):3140-51
jerry D. Olson,D.V.M., MS, Particle Sizing :A tool for evaluating
forages and total mixed ration, 1999 Colorado State University Dairy
Nutritional Conference
Grant, R.J., V.F. Colenbrander, and D.R. Mertens, 1990. Milk fat
depression in dairy cows: Role of particle size of alfalfa hay.
J Dairy Sci 73:1823
Heinrichs, J. 1997. Usingfeed particle size in ration formulation.
Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conf. May 1997. pp 137-143.
Varga, G.A., 1997. Fiber in the ration: How effective should it
be? Proc.1997 Cornell Nut Conf, pp 117-128.
Allen MS, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University,
Relationship between fermentation acid production in the rumen and
the requirement for physically effective fiber. J Dairy Sci 1997
Jul;80(7):1447-62 , PMID: 9241607, UI: 97385593
Top^
|